Docker镜像命令
1. 帮助命令
docker --help: 查看docker总体帮助文档docker 具体命令 --help: 查看docker命令帮助文档docker info: 查看docker概要信息
sh
[jack@hadoop102 ~]$ docker --help
Usage: docker [OPTIONS] COMMAND
A self-sufficient runtime for containers
Common Commands:
run Create and run a new container from an image
exec Execute a command in a running container
ps List containers
build Build an image from a Dockerfile
pull Download an image from a registry
push Upload an image to a registry
images List images
login Log in to a registry
logout Log out from a registry
search Search Docker Hub for images
version Show the Docker version information
info Display system-wide information
Management Commands:
builder Manage builds
buildx* Docker Buildx
checkpoint Manage checkpoints
compose* Docker Compose
container Manage containers
context Manage contexts
image Manage images
manifest Manage Docker image manifests and manifest lists
network Manage networks
plugin Manage plugins
system Manage Docker
trust Manage trust on Docker images
volume Manage volumes
Swarm Commands:
config Manage Swarm configs
node Manage Swarm nodes
secret Manage Swarm secrets
service Manage Swarm services
stack Manage Swarm stacks
swarm Manage Swarm
Commands:
attach Attach local standard input, output, and error streams to a running container
commit Create a new image from a container's changes
cp Copy files/folders between a container and the local filesystem
create Create a new container
diff Inspect changes to files or directories on a container's filesystem
events Get real time events from the server
export Export a container's filesystem as a tar archive
history Show the history of an image
import Import the contents from a tarball to create a filesystem image
inspect Return low-level information on Docker objects
kill Kill one or more running containers
load Load an image from a tar archive or STDIN
logs Fetch the logs of a container
pause Pause all processes within one or more containers
port List port mappings or a specific mapping for the container
rename Rename a container
restart Restart one or more containers
rm Remove one or more containers
rmi Remove one or more images
save Save one or more images to a tar archive (streamed to STDOUT by default)
start Start one or more stopped containers
stats Display a live stream of container(s) resource usage statistics
stop Stop one or more running containers
tag Create a tag TARGET_IMAGE that refers to SOURCE_IMAGE
top Display the running processes of a container
unpause Unpause all processes within one or more containers
update Update configuration of one or more containers
wait Block until one or more containers stop, then print their exit codes
Global Options:
--config string Location of client config files (default "/home/jack/.docker")
-c, --context string Name of the context to use to connect to the daemon (overrides DOCKER_HOST env var and default context set with "docker context use")
-D, --debug Enable debug mode
-H, --host list Daemon socket to connect to
-l, --log-level string Set the logging level ("debug", "info", "warn", "error", "fatal") (default "info")
--tls Use TLS; implied by --tlsverify
--tlscacert string Trust certs signed only by this CA (default "/home/jack/.docker/ca.pem")
--tlscert string Path to TLS certificate file (default "/home/jack/.docker/cert.pem")
--tlskey string Path to TLS key file (default "/home/jack/.docker/key.pem")
--tlsverify Use TLS and verify the remote
-v, --version Print version information and quit
Run 'docker COMMAND --help' for more information on a command.
For more help on how to use Docker, head to https://docs.docker.com/go/guides/2. docker images命令
格式： docker images [OPTIONS] 列出本地主机上的镜像。
OPTIONS说明：
-a:列出本地所有的镜像(含历史映像层)-q:只显示镜像ID。
sh
[jack@hadoop102 ~]$ sudo docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
hello-world latest d2c94e258dcb 11 months ago 13.3kB
[jack@hadoop102 ~]$ sudo docker images -q
d2c94e258dcb返回结果行说明:
REPOSITORY：表示镜像的仓库源
TAG：镜像的标签版本号
IMAGE ID：镜像ID
CREATED：镜像创建时间
SIZE：镜像大小
提示
同一仓库源可以有多个TAG版本，代表这个仓库源的不同个版本，我们使用REPOSITORY:TAG来定义不同的镜像。如果你不指定一个镜像的版本标签，例如你使用ubuntu镜像，Docker将默认选择使用ubuntu:latest镜像。
3. docker search命令
格式：docker search [OPTIONS] 镜像名字 查询某个XXX镜像
OPTIONS说明：
--limit: 只列出N个镜像，默认25个
sh
[jack@hadoop102 ~]$ sudo docker search redis
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL
redis Redis is an open source key-value store that… 12774 [OK]
redislabs/redisearch Redis With the RedisSearch module pre-loaded… 63
redislabs/redisinsight RedisInsight - The GUI for Redis 101
redis/redis-stack-server redis-stack-server installs a Redis server w… 75
redis/redis-stack redis-stack installs a Redis server with add… 106
redislabs/rebloom A probablistic datatypes module for Redis 27
redislabs/redis Clustered in-memory database engine compatib… 40
redislabs/rejson RedisJSON - Enhanced JSON data type processi… 53
redislabs/redismod An automated build of redismod - latest Redi… 46
redislabs/redisgraph A graph database module for Redis 27
redislabs/redistimeseries A time series database module for Redis 12
redislabs/operator 7
redislabs/operator-internal This repository contains pre-released versio… 1
redislabs/redis-py 5
redislabs/redis-webcli A tiny Flask app to provide access to Redis … 5
redislabs/k8s-controller-internal 0
redislabs/redisgears An automated build of RedisGears 4
redislabs/memtier_benchmark Docker image to run memtier_benchmark 0
redislabs/redisai 6
redislabs/k8s-controller 2
redislabs/ng-redis-raft Redis with redis raft module 0
redislabs/olmtest Test artefact for OLM CSV 1
redis/redisinsight Redis Insight - our best official GUI for Re… 5
redislabs/olm-bundle 0
bitnami/redis Bitnami container image for Redis 277
[jack@hadoop102 ~]$ sudo docker search --limit 5 redis
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL
redis Redis is an open source key-value store that… 12774 [OK]
redislabs/redisearch Redis With the RedisSearch module pre-loaded… 63
redislabs/redisinsight RedisInsight - The GUI for Redis 101
redis/redis-stack-server redis-stack-server installs a Redis server w… 75
redis/redis-stack redis-stack installs a Redis server with add… 106返回结果行说明:
NAME：表示镜像的名称
DESCRIPTION： 镜像说明 STARS: 点赞数量 OFFICIAL: 是否官方
4. docker pull命令
格式： docker pull 镜像名字[:TAG]: 下载某个版本的镜像。没有TAG就是最新版,等同于docker pull 镜像名字:latest。
sh
[jack@hadoop102 ~]$ sudo docker pull gitlab/gitlab-ce
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from gitlab/gitlab-ce
7021d1b70935: Pull complete
84ce88366b95: Pull complete
e1c92fb77de1: Retrying in 10 seconds
719e91a15767: Retrying in 13 seconds
d680b9b016aa: Retrying in 16 seconds
f0027cb8bf12: Waiting
8090ecb94c61: Waiting
2d67bfd969b5: Waiting
216d686bfe05: Waiting扩展
🤔谈谈docker虚悬镜像是什么？
仓库名、标签都是<none>的镜像，俗称虚悬镜像(dangling image),如图所示, 一般要把这种镜像清除。 
5. docker system df命令
格式：docker system df 查看镜像/容器/数据卷所占的空间
sh
[jack@hadoop102 ~]$ sudo docker system df
TYPE TOTAL ACTIVE SIZE RECLAIMABLE
Images 1 1 13.26kB 0B (0%)
Containers 1 0 0B 0B
Local Volumes 0 0 0B 0B
Build Cache 0 0 0B 0B6. docker rmi命令
格式：docker rmi [-f] 镜像ID1[:TAG] 镜像ID2[:TAG]... 删除本地指定镜像,多个用空格隔开,-f表示强制删除
sh
[jack@hadoop104 ~]$ sudo docker rmi hello-world
Error response from daemon: conflict: unable to remove repository reference "hello-world" (must force) - container a3a239208eb3 is using its referenced image d2c94e258dcb如果镜像被用过或者正在使用，会提示删除失败。
sh
[jack@hadoop104 ~]$ sudo docker rmi -f hello-world
Untagged: hello-world:latest
Untagged: hello-world@sha256:53cc4d415d839c98be39331c948609b659ed725170ad2ca8eb36951288f81b75
Deleted: sha256:d2c94e258dcb3c5ac2798d32e1249e42ef01cba4841c2234249495f87264ac5a7. docker tag命令
格式：docker tag SOURCE_IMAGE[:TAG] TARGET_IMAGE[:TAG] 用于给 Docker 镜像打标签。
sh
[root@hadoop104 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com/ddn-k8s/docker.io/tomcat 8.5-jdk8 6113f55245f6 6 months ago 338MB
[root@hadoop104 ~]# docker tag 6113f55245f6 tomcat:8.5-jdk8
[root@hadoop104 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
swr.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com/ddn-k8s/docker.io/tomcat 8.5-jdk8 6113f55245f6 6 months ago 338MB
tomcat 8.5-jdk8 6113f55245f6 6 months ago 338MB