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虚拟主机实战 ​

每个server配置(也就是虚拟主机配置)块通过端口+地址信息进行唯一性校验。

1. 前期准备 ​

sh
[root@hadoop101 ~]# mkdir /www
[root@hadoop101 ~]# mkdir /www/www
[root@hadoop101 ~]# mkdir /www/video
[root@hadoop101 ~]# vim /www/www/index.html
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
</head>
<body>
<h2>这是首页</h2>
</body>
</html>
[root@hadoop101 ~]# vim /www/video/index.html
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
</head>
<body>
<h2>这是Video首页</h2>
</body>
</html>

2. 不同端口配置多个虚拟主机 ​

修改nginx.cnf

ini
worker_processes  1;

events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}

http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;

        location / {
            root   /www/www;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
    }
	server {
        listen       88;
        server_name  localhost;

        location / {
            root   /www/video;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
    }
}

运行效果：
Alt text

2. 不同域名配置多个虚拟主机 ​

  1. 修改hosts文件：
ini
192.168.101.101 hadoop101 rocket.com  mvnhub.com
  1. 修改nginx.cnf
ini
worker_processes  1;

events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}

http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  mvnhub.com;

        location / {
            root   /www/www;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
    }
	server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  rocket.com;

        location / {
            root   /www/video;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
    }
}

运行效果：
Alt text

3. 域名通配符配置多个虚拟主机 ​

  1. 修改hosts文件：
ini
192.168.101.101 hadoop101 rocket.com mvnhub.com video.mvnhub.com
  1. 修改nginx.cnf
ini
worker_processes  1;

events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}

http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  mvnhub.com;

        location / {
            root   /www/www;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
    }
	server {
        listen       80;
        server_name video.mvnhub.com;

        location / {
            root   /www/video;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
    }
}

运行效果：
Alt text

4. 域名通配符配置多个虚拟主机 ​

在同一servername中支持匹配多个域名、子域名、域名通配符开始、域名通配符结束和域名正则匹配：

  1. 修改hosts文件：
ini
192.168.101.101 hadoop101 rocket.com mvnhub.com video.mvnhub.com vd.mvnhub.com mvnhub.org
  1. 修改nginx.cnf 有两种方式：
ini
worker_processes  1;

events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}

http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  mvnhub.com;

        location / {
            root   /www/www;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
    }
	server {
        listen       80;
        server_name video.mvnhub.com vd.mvnhub.com;

        location / {
            root   /www/video;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
    }
}
ini
worker_processes  1;

events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}

http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  mvnhub.com;

        location / {
            root   /www/www;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
    }
	server {
        listen       80;
        server_name *.mvnhub.com;

        location / {
            root   /www/video;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
    }
}
ini
worker_processes  1;

events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}

http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  mvnhub.com;

        location / {
            root   /www/www;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
    }
	server {
        listen       80;
        server_name mvnhub.com.*;

        location / {
            root   /www/video;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
    }
}
ini
worker_processes  1;

events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}

http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  mvnhub.com;

        location / {
            root   /www/www;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
    }
	server {
        listen       80;
        server_name ~^[0-9]+\.mmban\.com$;

        location / {
            root   /www/video;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
    }
}

如果页面加载还是以前的，这是因为缓存导致的，可以多次刷新浏览器或者在url后面加上请求参数 域名通配符匹配开始，运行效果： Alt text
域名通配符匹配结束，运行效果： Alt text

5. 多用户二级域名 ​

Alt text

6. 短网址 ​

Alt text

7. httpdns ​

7.1 传统DNS域名解析 ​

传统的域名解析是通过UDP协议广播，如下图所示：
Alt text 常用于网页浏览，由于浏览器本身不保存域名信息特点，每次访问新地址都需要靠外部网络通信才能正确域名解析

7.2 httpdns域名解析 ​

httpdns主要用于app、c/s架构的软件(我们自己的软件可以编码支持记录保存域名信息)，用来提高解析速度的。HTTPDNS的工作原理：
Alt text 比如此时要访问mvnhub.com，需要将其作为参数请求后端得到正式的ip地址。